What are these football-shaped objects, about .75 inch to 1 inch long, scattered on the snow of a dry site in the Taconic Mountains of Vermont?
Answer
The scales or pods that surround the fruit of an Ostrya virginiana tree, a tree with many common names, such as hop-hornbeam, ironwood, and hardhack. When these pods are intact and grouped together on the tree they resemble hops.