Reader Garry Plunkett took this photo on his small suburban woodlot in Tiverton, Rhode Island. What is it?
Answer
Alder Tongue Gall (though as music fans of a certain age, we especially appreciated the guess that it was tangled cassette tape from a 1970’s vintage Lynyrd Skynyrd offering (Gimme Back My Bullets, no doubt) that had been tossed from the open window of a speeding car and subsequently lodged in a young apple tree.)
The alder tongue gall results from a fungus (T. amentorum) that infects the female fruit-scales of alder trees. The scales are deformed and grow to several times their normal size. Color-wise, the outgrowths progress from green to bright orange to red before finally turning brown, like the ones seen in this photo.
This week’s contest winner was Bonnie Caruthers of Walpole, NH