Answer
These are grape midge galls. They’re formed by tiny wasps (midges) in the genus Vitisiella. The galls form around the larvae as they grow. Larvae eventually emerge from these galls, drop off the vine, and burrow into the ground to pupate. You can learn more about grape midge gall wasps in this blog post by Charley Eiseman, recently featured in our Community Voices series.
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